Publications

2018

Challenges in the modeling and the simulation of low-temperature plasma discharges
- Bourdon Anne
, 2018.
Biermann-Battery-Mediated Magnetic Reconnection in 3D Colliding Plasmas
- Matteucci J.
- Fox W.
- Bhattacharjee A.
- Schaeffer D. b.
- Moissard C.
- Germaschewski K.
- Fiksel G.
- Hu S. x.
Physical Review Letters, American Physical Society, 2018, 121 (9). (10.1103/physrevlett.121.095001)
DOI : 10.1103/physrevlett.121.095001
Energy cascade rate in isothermal compressible magnetohydrodynamic turbulence
- Andrés Nahuel
- Sahraoui Fouad
- Galtier Sébastien
- Hadid Lina
- Dmitruk P.
- Mininni P. D
Journal of Plasma Physics, Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2018, 84 (4), pp.905840404. Three-dimensional direct numerical simulations are used to study the energy cascade rate in isothermal compressible magnetohydrodynamic turbulence. Our analysis is guided by a two-point exact law derived recently for this problem in which flux, source, hybrid, and mixed terms are present. The relative importance of each term is studied for different initial subsonic Mach numbers MS and different magnetic guide fields B0. The dominant contribution to the energy cascade rate comes from the compressible flux, which depends weakly on the magnetic guide field B0, unlike the other terms whose modulus increase significantly with MS and B0. In particular, for strong B0 the source and hybrid terms are dominant at small scales with almost the same amplitude but with a different sign. A statistical analysis made with an isotropic decomposition based on the SO(3) rotation group is shown to generate spurious results in presence of B0, when compared with an axisymmetric decomposition better suited to the geometry of the problem. Our numerical results are compared with previous analyses made with in-situ measurements in the solar wind and the terrestrial magnetosheath. (10.1017/S0022377818000788)
DOI : 10.1017/S0022377818000788
Modeling and simulation of low-temperature plasma discharges
- Bourdon Anne
, 2018.
Enhanced transport in magnetized low temperature discharges
- Lucken Romain
- Tavant Antoine
- Bourdon Anne
- Chabert Pascal
, 2018. Multiple 2D PIC simulations of a magnetized plasma discharge were performed to investigate the cross field plasma transport. Several regimes were identified with transitions depending on the coupled influence of the magnetic field and the collisions. At high magnetic field, a strong instability resulting from the interaction between a lower hybrid mode and an ion acoustic mode leads to a significant discrepancy with the plasma transport predicted by the classical theory. A simple fluid dispersion relation was successfully compared to the simulation data.
Effect of high surface-area on CO<SUB>2</SUB> plasma kinetics
- Morillo-Candas Ana-Sofia
- Goncalves C.
- Klarenaar Bart
- Booth Jean-Paul
- Drag Cyril
- Guerra V.
- Guaitella Olivier
, 2018.
Time-resolved electron temperature OES measurement in filamentary discharge
- Ding Chenyang
- Shcherbanev S.A.
- Starikovskaia Svetlana
, 2018.
O2 X, a and b densities and kinetics in pure O2 DC discharges: VUV absorption, IR emission and Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy measurements
- Chatterjee Abhyuday
- Booth Jean-Paul
- Guaitella Olivier
- de Oliveira N.
- Nahon L.
- Western Colin
- Gianella Michele
- Press Sioned
- Lopaev Dmitry
- Zyryanov Sergey
, 2018. O2 metastable a and b states are important reactive intermediates in O2 plasmas. We have measured their density and kinetics in a uniform positive column DC discharge in a thermostated Pyrex tube. The DESIRS FTS was used to measure high resolution VUV absorption spectra of O2 X, a and b in steady state discharge. The a state density was also measured by CRDS, and the b state by absolute IR emission measurements, allowing the VUV absorption cross-sections to be determined, and compared to ab-initio calculations. Using monochromatic VUV absorption the kinetics of the three states was monitored in pulse-modulated discharges to probe their loss processes over the pressure range .2-7.5 Torr and discharge current 10-40mA.
Oxygen metastable molecule densities in inductively-coupled plasmas in pure O<SUB>2</SUB> measured by VUV absorption
- Booth Jean-Paul
- Chatterjee Abhyuday
- Guaitella Olivier
- de Oliveira N.
- Nahon L.
- Western Colin
, 2018. Oxygen molecules possess two metastable states (a 1g at 0.98 eV and b 1 1.64 eV). Models have suggested that both can play an important role in the kinetics plasmas in pure O2 at low pressures[1]. We have used the DESIRS vacuum ultraviolet beamline and Fourier-Transform spectrometer at Synchrotron Soleil to record the absorption spectra of inductively-coupled plasmas (ICP) in pure O2, giving the absolute line densities of O2 in the X, a and b states as a function of gas pressure (5-50 mTorr) and injected RF power (50-500W).
Peculiarities of kinetics in pulsed nanosecond capillary discharge at high and low specific deposited energy on the example of argon actinometry technique of O density measurements
- Zhu Yifei
- Orel Inna
- Lepikhin N D
- Starikovskaia Svetlana
, 2018.
Modelling and experimental investigation of plasma-target interaction at atmospheric pressure through electric field characterization
- Viegas Pedro
- Slikboer Elmar
- Hofmans Marlous
- Obrusník A.
- Bilek Petr
- Bonaventura Z.
- Sobota Ana
- Guaitella Olivier
- Bourdon Anne
, 2018. Simulation and experimental results are coupled to better understand the dynamics of interaction be- tween a helium plasma jet and a dielectric target. In particular, this work addresses the measurements of electric field (EF) values in the plasma plume and inside the dielectric target. Through modeling it is possible to separately calculate the contributions to the value of EF of volume charges in the plume and of surface charges deposited on the target. This new approach allows to make clear the differ- ence between the total EF in the plasma plume and the EF due to surface charges measured inside the target. In this work, this method is used to describe the EF measurements inside the dielectric target with different values of pulsed applied voltage.
Comparison of gas temperature measurements with Raman, FTIR and HR-TALIF
- Morillo-Candas Ana-Sofia
- Klarenaar Bart
- Grofulovic Marija
- Drag Cyril
- Booth Jean-Paul
- Guerra V.
- Guaitella Olivier
, 2018.
N(4S) atom density measurements by TALIF in the afterglow of the nanosecond capillary discharge
- Chng Tat Loon
- Orel Inna
- Lepikhin N D
- Starikovskaia Svetlana
, 2018.
Temperature and density measurements in an iodine RF-CCP plasma with emission and absorption spectroscopy
- Marmuse Florian
- Drag Cyril
- Booth Jean-Paul
- Aanesland Ane
, 2018. Iodine is a promising alternative to the expensive Xenon as propellant for electric propulsion devices. Aiming for dedicated optical diagnostics for ion thrusters fueled by iodine, a closed iodine cell (25cm x 3cm quartz cylinder, with a tube for temperature control) is connected to a 13.56 MHz RF generator. The resulting capacitively-coupled plasma is studied by emission and absorption spectroscopy. Absorption spectroscopy is used to measure saturation intensities, temperatures, and densities. Two lasers are used: a Ti-Sa cw laser to study transitions within excited states and a laser diode to study the fundamental one. The resulting I temperature and density are to be compared to global models. The experiment is to be reproduced in an ICP plasmas: at same but better controlled pressure; and at lower pressure with cavity ring-down spectroscopy.
Electric field measurements in a plasma jet using Stark spectroscopy: the influence of targets
- Hofmans Marlous
- Guaitella Olivier
- Sobota Ana
, 2018.
Influence of the modeling of electron injection at the cathode in a 2D axial-azimuthal simulation of a stationary plasma thruster
- Charoy Thomas
- Tavant Antoine
- Bourdon Anne
- Chabert Pascal
, 2018.
Effects of secondary electron emission from the ceramic walls on the discharge of Hall effect thrusters using a 2D PIC simulation
- Tavant Antoine
- Croes Vivien
- Lucken Romain
- Bourdon Anne
- Chabert Pascal
, 2018. This study focuses on secondary electron emission in the Hall Effect thrusters (HET). We use a bi-dimensional PIC code to simulate the exit plane of a HET. The simulation domain includes the walls as well as the E × B drift direction. We observe that the usual sheath model predicts a reemission rate higher than the one measured in the simulation. The analysis of the simulations data allow us to have a better understanding of the plasma-wall interaction.
Direct Thrust Measurement of an Electron Cyclotron Resonance Plasma Thruster
- Vialis Théo
- Jarrige Julien
- Packan Denis
- Aanesland Ane
Journal of Propulsion and Power, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2018, pp.1-11. Direct thrust measurements of an electron cyclotron resonance plasma thruster are performed with a thrust balance. The thruster performances are deduced, and the influence of power and mass-flow rate is studied. The measured thrust is around 1 mN for 50 W of microwave power input and 0.1 mg/s of xenon, corresponding to 1000 s of specific impulse and 11% of total efficiency. It is found that the thrust is increased by 25% when the walls of the plasma source are covered with a dielectric layer. Comparisons are made between the direct thrust measurements and the indirect thrust measurements obtained with electrostatic probes in the plasma beam. (10.2514/1.B37036)
DOI : 10.2514/1.B37036
Exploring turbulent energy dissipation and particle energization in space plasmas: the science of the Turbulence Heating ObserveR (THOR) mission
- Retinò Alessandro
- Narita Y.
- Vaivads A.
- Escoubet C. Philippe
- Khotyaintsev Y. V.
- Osuna Pedro
- Fazakerley A.
- Soucek J.
- Gehler M.
- Lavraud Benoit
- Vainio R.
- Valentini F.
- Chen Christopher
- Wielders A.
- Voirin Thomas
- Marcucci M. F.
- Boudin N.
, 2018.
Dependence on the ion mass and charge of a Fermi-like acceleration mechanism in the Earth's magnetotail
- Catapano F.
- Zimbardo G.
- Perri S.
- Greco A.
- Retinò Alessandro
- Cohen Ian
- Delcourt Dominique C.
, 2018.
Multiscale kinetic processes associated with fast flows and dipolarization fronts
- Le Contel Olivier
, 2018.
Insights into coupling between saturn and its magnetosphere from radio and plasma wave observations during cassini's grand finale
- Averkamp Terrance F.
- Bostrom Rolf
- Canu Patrick
- Cecconi Baptiste
- Cornilleau-Wehrlin Nicole
- Farrell William M.
- Fischer Georg
- Galopeau Patrick H. M.
- Gurnett Donald A.
- Gustafsson G.
- Hadid Lina
- Hospodarsky George B.
- Lamy Laurent
- Lecacheux Alain
- Louarn Philippe
- Macdowall Robert J.
- Menietti John Douglas
- Modolo Ronan
- Morooka Michiko
- Pedersen Arne
- Persoon Ann M.
- Sulaiman Ali H.
- Wahlund Jan-Erik
- Ye Shengyi
- Zarka Philippe
, 2018. In its Grand Finale phase, Cassini traversed a region of the Saturnian system not explored in the preceding 12 years in orbit. These high inclination, highly eccentric orbits took Cassini through the source regions of Saturn kilometric radiation (SKR) on auroral magnetic eld lines, across eld lines that tie the planet to its magnetosphere, the ring system, and through the topside ionosphere near the sub- solar equator just below the ring system. The Radio and Plasma Wave Science (RPWS) instrument studied the conditions in the SKR source region that had only been traversed twice in the entire preceding mission. Near 5 kHz intense narrowband emissions are observed in the Z mode at latitudes above about 10°. Plasma wave phenomena known as VLF saucers were observed on eld lines threading both Enceladus and the ring system, providing evidence of electron beams and quite possibly currents connecting these members of the Saturnian system to the planet. The RPWS found only very small numbers of micronsized dust grains in the region between the rings and the atmosphere. Perhaps some of the most important measurements were of plasma densities and temperatures in Saturn’s equatorial topside ionosphere, providing important information for understanding how the ring system and the ionosphere interact. These observations revealed small- scale structures in the ionospheric densities and large-scale asymmetries associated with ring shadowing. The ionosphere revealed a new plasma wave phenomenon apparently driven by a lower hybrid instability. This paper will summarize evidence of coupling between Saturn, the rings, and the more distant magnetosphere a orded by Cassini’s Grand Finale orbits.
Optimal Field Gradients Derived from Multi-Spacecraft Observations
- Chanteur Gérard
, 2018.
Spectral Signatures Recorded By WHISPER Sounder Mode On Board CLUSTER2 Mission Inside Different Magnetosphere Regions: Plasma Frequency Determination
- Rauch Jean-Louis
- Décréau Pierrette
- Vallières Xavier
- Jegou Klet
- Canu Patrick
, 2018. The Wave of High frequency and Sounder for Probing of Electron density by Relaxation (WHISPER) performs the measurement of the electron density on the four satellites of the CLUSTER2 mission. The two main purposes of the WHISPER experiment are to record the natural waves and to make a diagnostic of the electron density using the sounding technique, the various working modes and the fourier transforms calculated on board provide a good frequency resolution obtained in the bandwidth 2-80 kHz and a well instrumental adaptability to determine the electron density in various plasma. In this presentation, we focus our attention to the active mode when WHISPER is working as a sounder. Cluster2 orbits cross various plasmas around the earth with a weak or a strong magnetic field (solar wind, magnetosheat, cusp, aurora zones, magnetotail etc). Plasma response is strongly different following region. Spectra exhibit numerous resonances where it is difficult to recognize the plasma frequency .We shall show the characteristics features in each region and we shall describe the methods to identify observed resonances as electron gyro frequency and harmonics, plasma frequency, upper-hybrid frequency and Bernstein modes.
A 10-moment fluid numerical solver of plasma with sheaths in a Hall Effect Thruster
- Joncquieres Valentin
- Pechereau François
- Alvarez-Laguna Alejandro
- Bourdon Anne
- Vermorel Olivier
- Cuenot Benedicte
, 2018. Electric propulsion can reach higher exhaust velocities compared to chemical systems and thus result in lower propellant mass requirements. Among the different electric propulsion systems, Hall effect thrusters are used for spatial propulsion since the 1970s. However inside a Hall thruster, complex physical phenomena such as erosion or electron anomalous transport which may lower thruster efficiency and lifetime, are not yet fully understood. Thanks to high performance computing, numerical simulations are now considered for understanding the plasma behavior. With the renewed interest for such electric propulsion to supply small satellites, numerical solvers able to predict accurately the real thruster efficiency have become crucial for industry. This paper presents the approach used and first validation tests of such a solver. The AVIP code solves plasma equations in complex industrial geometries using an unstructured parallel-efficient 3D fluid methodology. AVIP also includes a Particle-In-Cell (PIC) solver used as a reference for validation. While full 3D PIC simulations of a Hall thruster still require unaffor-dable computational time, fluid models provide in a reasonable time 3D results on the plasma behavior inside the discharge channel. In this category, standard drift-diffusion models [1-3] are fast and robust but at the cost of strong hypotheses and simplifications. In particular such models do not describe explicitly the sheath formation in the vicinity of walls and often use analytical models instead. They are limited to simple configurations and only provide a first insight into plasma complex phenomena. The present approach includes a more detailed two-fluid plasma model without drift-diffusion approximation. After the description of the formulation and main features of the solver, the paper focuses on wall boundary conditions which are crucial for the formation of sheaths. It is demonstrated in particular that a vacuum boundary condition is not adapted to fit PIC results. A boundary condition based on wall thermal fluxes is more realistic. The mesh resolution is also found to be critical. The simulation methodology is finally applied to a 2D simulation of a typical Hall effect thruster in order to observe the plasma properties inside the discharge chamber. (10.2514/6.2018-4905)
DOI : 10.2514/6.2018-4905

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