Publications

2010

• Météorologie de l'Espace en Afrique (II) le programme ISWI - International Space Weather Initiative
  
  • Amory-Mazaudier Christine
  • Kobea A.
  • Ouattara F.
  • Dinga B.
  • Doumbia V.
  • Hady A.
  • Hounginou E.
  • Kahindo B.
  • Madougou S.
  • Mahrous A.
  • Ndekatou T.
  • Uwamahoro J.
  • Zaourar N.
  • Bock Olivier
  • Cohen Y.
  • Damé Luc
  • Fleury Rolland
  • Lassudrie-Duchesne Patrick
  • Petitdidier Monique
  , 2010, pp.12 p..
• Shell Models and the possibility of application to fusion plasmas
  
  • Gürcan Özgür D.
  • Hennequin Pascale
  • Garbet X.
  • Diamond P.H.
  • Vermare Laure
  • Casati A.
  • Falchetto G.
  , 2010 (oral).
• Modelling of chlorine inductive discharges
  
  • Chabert Pascal
  • Despiau-Pujo Emilie
  , 2010.
• Effect of low-frequency power on electron density and ion flux in dual-frequency capacitive radiofrequency discharges
  
  • Booth Jean-Paul
  • Curley G.
  • Chabert Pascal
  , 2010.
• Nonstationarity of two / three - dimensional supercritical perpendicular shocks: nonlinear whistler emission versus shock front self-reformation
  
  • Lembège Bertrand
  • Savoini Philippe
  • Hellinger P.
  • Travnicek P. M.
  , 2010.
• Measurements and Modeling of Turbulent Transport in the Tore Supra Tokamak
  
  • Garbet X.
  • Abiteboul J.
  • Benkadda S.
  • Bourdelle C.
  • Casati A.
  • Clairet F.
  • Dubuit N.
  • Falchetto G.
  • Fenzi C.
  • Futatani S.
  • Grandgirard V.
  • Guirlet R.
  • Gürcan Özgür D.
  • Hennequin Pascale
  • Heuraux S.
  • Hoang G.T.
  • Honoré Cyrille
  • Sabot R.
  • Sarazin Y.
  • Ségui J.-L.
  • Smolyakov A.
  • Trier Elisée
  • Vermare Laure
  • Villegas D.
  , 2010, 1308, pp.75-84. This paper presents an overview of recent advances in modeling and measurements of turbulence in Tore Supra plasmas. Spatio‐temporal properties of turbulence are discussed in relation with transport models. An explanation is proposed for the k−3 decay of wave number spectra, which are observed by using both coherent laser scattering and Doppler reflectometry. Also the interplay between turbulence and flows has been investigated. It is shown that toroidal rotation results from a competition between neoclassical and turbulence flow generation. Finally a new method has been proposed to determine the transport coefficients of impurities. These coefficients are usually well above the neoclassical prediction. (10.1063/1.3526165)
  DOI : 10.1063/1.3526165
• Surface discharges: possible applications for plasma-assisted ignition and electric field measurements (AIAA 2010-1587)
  
  • Starikovskaia Svetlana
  • Allegraud Katia
  • Guaitella Olivier
  • Kosarev I.N.
  • Mintoussov E.I.
  • Pendleton S.J.
  • Popov N.A.
  • Sagulenko P.N.
  • Rousseau Antoine
  , 2010.
• Nonlinear dynamics of resonant interactions between wave packets and particle distributions with loss-cone-like structures
  
  • Krafft C.
  • Volokitin A.
  • Zaslavsky A.
  Physical Review E, American Physical Society (APS), 2010, 82, pp.066402. The paper studies the nonlinear mechanisms at work in magnetized plasmas when wave packets interact resonantly with particle distributions presenting loss-cone-like structures. Lower hybrid waves are considered in view of the great importance, in space and laboratory plasmas, of waves with frequencies below the electron cyclotron frequency. Owing to a three-dimensional Hamiltonian model and a numerical symplectic code, the authors study the nonlinear stage of the loss-cone instability for various particle distributions and wave spectra involving symmetric and asymmetric features. In particular, the wave-particle interaction process of dynamical resonance merging, which results from an instability of the trapped particles' motion and leads to complex stochastic phenomena, is discussed. Whereas interactions at normal cyclotron resonances are mostly considered, the role of the Landau and the anomalous cyclotron resonances is also studied to explain thoroughly the nonlinear wave-particle dynamics as well as the competition between loss-cone, fan, and beam instabilities. The relaxed particle distributions and the saturated wave spectra are analyzed. The time necessary for filling the loss-cone structures is determined as a function of the characteristics of the particle distributions. Whereas most of the previous works analyzed the asymptotic stage of the system's evolution in the frame of the well-known quasilinear theory, the paper considers the case when the energy carried by the wave packet is sufficiently large so that the description of the physical processes at work cannot be limited to the frame of weak turbulence theories. (10.1103/PhysRevE.82.066402)
  DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevE.82.066402
• Wave-Vector Dependence of Magnetic-Turbulence Spectra in the Solar Wind
  
  • Narita Y.
  • Glassmeier K.-H.
  • Sahraoui Fouad
  • Goldstein M. L.
  Physical Review Letters, American Physical Society, 2010, 104 (17), pp.171101. Using four-point measurements of the Cluster spacecraft, the energy distribution was determined for magnetic field fluctuations in the solar wind directly in the three-dimensional wave-vector domain in the range |k|≤1.5×10−3  rad/km. The energy distribution exhibits anisotropic features characterized by a prominently extended structure perpendicular to the mean field preferring the ecliptic north direction and also by a moderately extended structure parallel to the mean field. From the three-dimensional energy distribution wave vector anisotropy is estimated with respect to directions parallel and perpendicular to the mean magnetic field, and the result suggests the dominance of quasi-two-dimensional turbulence toward smaller spatial scales. (10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.171101)
  DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.171101
• Les Plasmas Spatiaux au LPP
  
  • Rezeau Laurence
  Flash X - La revue scientifique de l'Ecole polytechnique, Ecole polytechnique, 2010, 12, pp.31-32. ISSN : 1775-0385
• Shell models and the possibility of application to fusion plasmas
  
  • Gürcan Özgür D.
  • Hennequin Pascale
  • Vermare Laure
  • Garbet X.
  • Diamond P.H.
  Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, IOP Publishing, 2010, 52, pp.045002. An extensive study of spectral shell models with possibilities for application to fusion plasmas is discussed. A set of shell models addressing various aspects of the characteristics of fusion plasmas have been derived. Difficulties associated with plasma medium, namely its intrinsic excitability, and importance of mescals have been discussed. The numerical implementation of shell models is discussed. It was observed that depending on the parameter regime, they may lead to steady state or display characteristics of predatorprey dynamics. (10.1088/0741-3335/52/4/045002)
  DOI : 10.1088/0741-3335/52/4/045002
• Bilan et Perspective 2006 - 2009, Programme National Soleil Terre
  
  • Fontaine Dominique
  • Vilmer N.
  , 2010.
• Bepi-Colombo : Mercury Exploration
  
  • Chanteur Gérard
  Flash X - La revue scientifique de l'Ecole polytechnique, Ecole polytechnique, 2010, 12, pp.32-33. ISSN : 1775-0385
• Plasmas Naturels : Le Programme National Soleil - Terre
  
  • Fontaine Dominique
  Flash X - La revue scientifique de l'Ecole polytechnique, Ecole polytechnique, 2010, 12, pp.27-31. ISSN : 1775-0385
• Plasmas froids
  
  • Booth Jean-Paul
  • Chabert Pascal
  Flash X - La revue scientifique de l'Ecole polytechnique, Ecole polytechnique, 2010, 12, pp.3-5. ISSN : 1775-0385
• Plasma assisted ignition and combustion
  
  • Starikovskaia Svetlana
  • Starikovskii A.Yu.
  , 2010, pp.71-93.
• Modelling of an afterglow plasma in air produced by a pulsed discharge
  
  • Pintassilgo C.D.
  • Guerra V.
  • Guaitella Olivier
  • Rousseau Antoine
  Plasma Sources Science and Technology, IOP Publishing, 2010, 19, pp.055001. A kinetic model is developed to study the afterglow plasma of a pulsed discharge in air. This model includes a detailed analysis of the temporal evolution of heavy species during the pulse, followed by their relaxation in the afterglow. The predicted results are compared with two experimental sets performed in the time afterglow of a pulsed discharge in N220%O2 at a pressure p = 133 Pa involving the measurements of (i) N2(B) and N2(C) fluorescences for a discharge current I = 40 mA and a pulse duration τ = 200 µs and 10 ms, together with (ii) the absolute concentration of NO(X) for I = 40 and 80 mA with τ varying from 1 to 4 ms. The results of the model agree reasonably well with the measurements of N2(B) and N2(C) decays. It is shown that under these experimental conditions, N2(B) is always populated mainly via the process N2(A) N2(X, 5 ≤ v ≤ 14) → N2(B) N2(X, v = 0), while the relaxation of N2(C) is dominated by the pooling reaction N2(A) N2(A) → N2(C) N2(X, v = 0). An almost constant concentration of NO(X) is experimentally observed until the remote afterglow, but the present model is only capable of predicting the same order of magnitude for afterglow times t 0.05 s. Several hypotheses are discussed and advanced in order to explain this discrepancy. (10.1088/0963-0252/19/5/055001)
  DOI : 10.1088/0963-0252/19/5/055001
• Planar Wire-Array Z-Pinch Implosion Dynamics and X-Ray Scaling at Multiple-MA Drive Currents for a Compact Multisource Hohlraum Configuration
  
  • Jones B.
  • Ampleford D. J.
  • Vesey R. A.
  • Cuneo Michael E.
  • Coverdale C. A.
  • Waisman E. M.
  • Jones M. C.
  • Fowler W. E.
  • Stygar W. A.
  • Serrano J. D.
  • Vigil M. P.
  • Esaulov A. A.
  • Kantsyrev Viktor L.
  • Safronova Alla S.
  • Williamson Kenneth M.
  • Chuvatin Alexandre S.
  • Rudakov Leonid I.
  Physical Review Letters, American Physical Society, 2010, 104 (12), pp.125001. An indirect drive configuration is proposed wherein multiple compact Z-pinch x-ray sources surround a secondary hohlraum. Planar compact wire arrays allow reduced primary hohlraum surface area compared to cylindrical loads. Implosions of planar arrays are studied at up to 15 TW x-ray power on Saturn with radiated yields exceeding the calculated kinetic energy, suggesting other heating paths. X-ray power and yield scaling studied from 16 MA motivates viewfactor modeling of four 6-MA planar arrays producing 90 eV radiation temperature in a secondary hohlraum. (10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.125001)
  DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.125001
• Nonlinear fan instability of electromagnetic waves
  
  • Krafft C.
  • Volokitin A.
  Physics of Plasmas, American Institute of Physics, 2010, 17, pp.102303. This paper studies the linear and nonlinear stages of the fan instability, considering electromagnetic waves of the whistler frequency range interacting resonantly with energetic electron fluxes in magnetized plasmas. The main attention is paid to determine the wave-particle interaction processes that can lead to the excitation of intense electromagnetic waves by nonequilibrium particle distributions involving suprathermal tails, and to explain under what conditions and through what mechanisms they can occur, develop, and saturate. This paper presents and discusses two main processes: (i) the linear fan instability and (ii) the nonlinear process of dynamical resonance merging, which can significantly amplify the energy carried by linearly destabilized waves after they saturate due to particle trapping. This study consists of (i) determining analytically and numerically, for parameters typical of space and laboratory plasmas, the linear growth rates of whistlers excited by suprathermal particle fluxes through the fan instability, as well as the corresponding thresholds and the physical conditions at which the instability can appear, (ii) building a theoretical self-consistent 3D model and a related numerical code for describing the nonlinear evolution of the wave-particle system, and (iii) performing numerical simulations to reveal and characterize the nonlinear amplification process at work, its conditions of development, and its consequences, notably in terms of electromagnetic wave radiation. The simulations show that when the waves have reached sufficient energy levels owing to the linear fan instability, they saturate by trapping particles and due to the complex dynamics of these particles in the electromagnetic fields, the resonant velocities' domains of the waves overlap and merge, meanwhile a strong increase of the wave energy occurs. (10.1063/1.3479829)
  DOI : 10.1063/1.3479829
• Quantum Cascade Laser Absorption Spectroscopy - a New Method to Study Molecular Plasma Components
  
  • Röpcke J.
  • Glitsch S.
  • Davies P.B.
  • Hempel F.
  • Lang N.
  • Rousseau Antoine
  • Wege S.
  • Welzel S.
  Journal of Physics: Conference Series, IOP Science, 2010, 227, pp.012005. The recent development of quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) offers an attractive new option for the monitoring and control of industrial plasma processes and for trace-gas analysis as well as for highly time-resolved studies on the kinetics of plasma processes. The contribution reviews selected examples of the application of QCLs for infrared absorption studies in basic research and for plasma monitoring and control in industry. (10.1088/1742-6596/227/1/012005)
  DOI : 10.1088/1742-6596/227/1/012005
• Observation and theoretical modeling of electron scale solar wind turbulence
  
  • Sahraoui Fouad
  • Belmont Gérard
  • Goldstein M. L.
  • Kiyani K. H.
  • Robert Patrick
  • Canu Patrick
  , 2010.
• Plasmas de Fusion Magnétique
  
  • Hennequin Pascale
  Flash X - La revue scientifique de l'Ecole polytechnique, Ecole polytechnique, 2010, 12, pp.25-26. ISSN : 1775-0385
• Observations multi-satellitaires de l'interaction Vent Solaire - Magnétosphère
  
  • Sahraoui Fouad
  • Cornilleau-Wehrlin Nicole
  Flash X - La revue scientifique de l'Ecole polytechnique, Ecole polytechnique, 2010, 12, pp.33-34. ISSN : 1775-0385
• Wave-particle interactions in the equatorial source region of whistler-mode emissions
  
  • Santolík Ondrej
  • Gurnett D. A.
  • Pickett J. S.
  • Grimald S.
  • Décréau Pierrette
  • Parrot Michel
  • Cornilleau-Wehrlin Nicole
  • El-Lemdani Mazouz Farida
  • Schriver D.
  • Meredith N. P.
  • Fazakerley A.
  Journal of Geophysical Research Space Physics, American Geophysical Union/Wiley, 2010, 115 (A8). Wave-particle interactions can play a key role in the process of transfer of energy between different electron populations in the outer Van Allen radiation belt. We present a case study of wave-particle interactions in the equatorial source region of whistler-mode emissions. We select measurements of the Cluster spacecraft when these emissions are observed in the form of random hiss with only occasional discrete chorus wave packets, and where the wave propagation properties are very similar to previously analyzed cases of whistler-mode chorus. We observe a positive divergence of the Poynting flux at minima of the magnetic field modulus along the magnetic field lines, indicating the central position of the source. In this region we perform a linear stability analysis based on the locally measured electron phase space densities. We find two unstable electron populations. The first of them consists of energy-dispersed and highly anisotropic injected electrons at energies of a few hundreds eV to a few keV, with the perpendicular temperature more than 10 times higher than the parallel temperature with respect to the magnetic field line. Another unstable population is formed by trapped electrons at energies above 10 keV. We show that the injected electrons at lower energies can be responsible for a part of the waves that propagate obliquely at frequencies above one half of the electron cyclotron frequency. Our model of the trapped electrons at higher energies gives insufficient growth of the waves below one half of the electron cyclotron frequency and a nonlinear generation mechanism might be necessary to explain their presence even in this simple case. (10.1029/2009JA015218)
  DOI : 10.1029/2009JA015218
• Scientific objectives and instrumentation of Mercury Plasma Particle Experiment (MPPE) onboard MMO
  
  • Saito Y.
  • Sauvaud J.-A.
  • Hirahara M.
  • Barabash S.
  • Delcourt Dominique C.
  • Takashima T.
  • Asamura K.
  Planetary and Space Science, Elsevier, 2010, 58 (1-2), pp.182-200. Mercury is one of the least explored planets in our solar system. Until the recent flyby of Mercury by MESSENGER, no spacecraft had visited Mercury since Mariner 10 made three flybys: two in 1974 and one in 1975. In order to elucidate the detailed plasma structure and dynamics around Mercury, an orbiter BepiColombo MMO (Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter) is planned to be launched in 2013 as a joint mission between ESA and ISAS/JAXA. Mercury Plasma Particle Experiment (MPPE) was proposed in order to investigate the plasma/particle environment around Mercury. MPPE is a comprehensive instrument package for plasma, high-energy particle and energetic neutral atom measurements. It consists of seven sensors: two Mercury electron analyzers (MEA1 and MEA2), Mercury ion analyzer (MIA), Mercury mass spectrum analyzer (MSA), high-energy particle instrument for electron (HEP-ele), high-energy particle instrument for ion (HEP-ion), and energetic neutrals analyzer (ENA). Since comprehensive full three-dimensional simultaneous measurements of low to high-energy ions and electrons around Mercury as well as measurements of energetic neutral atoms will not be realized before BepiColombo/MMO's arrival at Mercury, it is expected that many unresolved problems concerning the Mercury magnetosphere will be elucidated by the MPPE observation. (10.1016/j.pss.2008.06.003)
  DOI : 10.1016/j.pss.2008.06.003